The cassiterite miner and rubber tapper are well-known characters in the Amazon. Together they make up a significant role in the history of this region, especially concerning work. These characters were also relevant for the success of certain economic compliance, at the time, both on the national and international scene.

When the Brazilian state needed to define public policies or commit itself to a determined economic effort, as predicted on the clauses of such agreements, they were the guarantors of these commitments.

Because of this thesis, it is intended to analyze and understand how these relevant figures, over time, were transformed into workers in an industrial sector, especially those who adapted and, as for those who did not fit; these were marginalized, even though they have been useful for a certain time.

Keywords: Cassiterite Miner, Rubber Tappers, Rubber, Cassiterite, History of the Amazon.